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To the Right Honourable the Lords Commissioners
of the Ada'iralty.
The humble Memorial of Thomas Bridge of
Bread-ftrect, London, Merchant,
Sheweth,
THAT your memorialift, and Dr. Henry Taylor
of the city of Quebec in North America, hav-
ing-taken into ccnfidcrarion the furprizing effeds the
Spruce Beer of that country had on the Soldiers and
Seamen, when they came there, almoft emaciated
with the Scurvy ; and alfo, the effedt it has always
had in keeping the Seamen in health, when on the
Newfoundland flation. And taking alfo the opinion
of Dr. John Fothergill and other eminent men of the
faculty, who joined in thinking, that if an Eflence
of the Spruce could be made to contain all its vir-
tues, and that could be made into well-fermented
Beer, that it would be the beft, and moft efficacious
preventative, and mod lovereign remedy for the
Scurvy.
That vour Memorialift in confideration of fuch
opinions did join the faid Dr. Taylor, and after great
expence and pains, did make an Eflence fo perfect
that one pound and a quarter will make 6^ gallons
of double Spruce Beer, and yet it retains all the na-
tive virtues and flavour of the ficfl -cut Spruce j and
his Majefty was pleafed to grant them his Royal Let-
ters Patent for the fame.
That your Memorialift did in the year 1772, by
the advice of many gentlemen in the Army, the
Navy, &c. appply to the then Right Hcmourable
Lords of the Admiralty, offering a fmall quaatity of
A the
C ^ 3
the faid Eflence by way of trial, which their Lord-
fliips were pleafed to accept. And fome of it was
fent on board the Rainbow man of war, Captain Col-
lingwood, going to the Coaft of Guinea, whofe re-
port I crave leave to fubjoin.
Extrafl of a Letter from Captain Colling wood of
the Rainbow Man of War to Mr. Stephens, Se-
cretary of the Admiralty, dated September 8, 1 773.
"Sir,
" I dcfire you will acquaint their Lordfliips, that
•« I complied with their orders of the 6th of Novem-
•* ber, 1772, refpe^ling Spruce Beer made from the
•* Eflence of Spruce and Mollofles, and followed the
** direftions which the Commiflioners of the Vidual-
*' ing fent me, to make them into Beer, and fcrvc
«* the fhip's company ; but as I am no judge of its
•* phyfical qualities, I thought proper to fend the
•* opinion ot the liirgeon thereon as well as my own.
** My opinion of Spruce Beer is, that it is a good
*' wholelbme drink, and that the Eflfence of Spruce
" may be very ferviceable to people in the Scurvy."
The Surgeon's opinion is as follows.
" I am convinced from experience, that Spruce
" Beer is a very great antifcorbutic, for during two
•* voyages that I have been at Newfoundland, where
** his Majefty's (hips are fupplied with Spruce Beer,
•' 1 never faw one fcorbutic patient. I therefore have
*« no doubt, but that the Eflence of Spruce prepared
♦* by the Patentee, when made into well fermented
" Beer as they have direfted, will prove no lefs an
*« antifcorbutic, as it feems to poflfcfs fully, the entire
" phyfical properties of the frclh cut Spruce ; but
"in
C 3 ]
*< in this Hiip I do not think we could make a fair
" trial of it laft voyage, becaufe I ha/e been on the
** coaft of Africa two voyages before, when our peo-
** pie during both of them were very fickly, and not
** one fcorbutic cafe amongft them.
** However I am of opinion the Eflence of Spruce
** is an excellent difcovcry or preparation, and that
** it would be very ferviceable in the Navy.'*
That your Memorialift, having heard of the re-
turn of the Rainbow, did inform their Lordlhips that
he had made a farther quantity of the cflcnce, and
begged to know if their Lordlhips would be pleafed
to make any farther experiment thereon, and he was
informed, that af prefent they had no farther occafion
for his eflence.
That your Memorialift did then apply to the Gen-
tlemen, Hulbands, and Owners of ihe fhips in the
fervice of the Honourable Eaft India Company, fe-
veral of whom took fome of the Eflence for the ufe
of their (hips, and from fhe amazing good effe<ft ic
produced on board thofe fhips, it gained univerfal
reputation in that fervice.
That your Memorial! ft, emboldened by this ficccfs,
did in the year i'/79, once more trouble their Lord-
lhips with an offer of the Spruce Beer, when their
Lordfhips were pleafed to order me to colle<ft cer-
tificates from fuch gentlemen in the India fervice as
had ufed it, and were then in London, and lay them
before the Commiflioners of fick and wounded Sea-
men : in confequence of fuch orders, I did procure
the following.
A 2
Firi^.
C 4 ]
Firll. Extraft of a Letter from Captain John Lewis,
on board the Talbot Indiaman, dated Cape of
Good Hope, July lo, 1775, to John Raymond,
Efq.
" We have now refitted, and propofc to fail to-
<* morrow in company with the Nottingha n, Captain
** Stoakes, who arrived here a few days before us ;
" tht-y have buried a great number of their people,
<* we have been lucky enough not to lofc a finglc
" man, and have had very few fick during the paf-
•* lage, and now not one, which we impute to the
" ipiucf beer, which the people became remarkably
** fond of, and generally drank about forty gallons
*' per day. John Lewis,"
NB. The Nottingham had no Spruce on board.
Certificate of James Coi.lv, Surgeon of the Talbot,
Captain Raymond Snow Commander.
" Thefe are to certify, that the Ihip Talbor,'Captain
Snow, in the fervice of the Honourable Eaft India
Company, on her laft voyage to India, was fupplied
with a quantity of Effence of Spruce to make Spruce
Beer for ihe ufe of the Seamen under my infpe<5tion.
It was brewed into beer in the following manner.
I ordered the Eflence and Moloflas and a little yeaft
to be put into a fmall tub, with a little water to di-
lute it, and then put into a cafk and filled it up wtth
water, and in two or three days it was fit for ufe.
There is fo little trouble or difliculty in brewing, that
after a few times I lefr it to any of the (hip's crew
to brew, and we had good frelh beer all the reft of the
voyage; we ufed it in the quantity of about a quart
per man per day, with which they were well fatis-
fied. And I found the ftien kept their healths very
well
t 5 3
well and became extremely fond of it ; we found that
it fermented well in all the climates we went through,
and kept fo well that we had not a fingle ca(k went
four the whole voyage, though we paired the Line
and were a long time in very hot and bad weather.
On the whole, 1 do believe it to be a very good,
whoiefome beer, and excellently well calculated to fup-
ply a (hip's company in long voyages, as it certainly
is the greatcft prefervative from the ff urvy I ever met
with, as I have in former voyages uled mod of the
prefervatives, fuch as malt, wort, decodtion of bark,
acid, &c. bur always had the fcurvy amongd the
crew more or lefs. But in our laft voyage, when we
werr (upplied with Spruce Beer, notwithftanding we
had very hot and bad weather, and tedious paflages
all over India, we had not the leaft appearance of the
fcurvy. Signed James Collv,
Surgeon of the Talbot.
NB. The men were fo fond of it, that when they
came to Ireland th«'y preferred it to fmall beer."
** I have examined the above certificate and do be-
lieve it to be llridly true, and am of opinion that
Spruce Beer, as uled on board the Talbot Indiaman,
of which I was commander, was of the greateft fer-
VTce in hindering the appearance and progrefs of the
fcurvy, and do recommend it for that purpol'e.
Signed Raymond Snow,
London, May 9, 1779."
Certificate of Dr. Henry Dunn, Surgeon of the
Hampfhire Eaft Indiaman, Captain Thomas Tem-
BRELL Commander.
** I do hereby certify, that I did receive on board the
Hampfhire, Captain Thomas Tembreli Commander,
in the Eall India Company's fcrvice, a quantity of
Kfience
[ 6 ]
Eflence of Spruce to make Sprace Beer onder my in-
fpcAioA.
1 began to ufc it as foon as I perceived the fcurvy
made its appearance amongft the men, and I found it
fully anfvvcred my cxpeftation in flopping the progrefs
of that difordcp, and preventing its appearance on the
reft of the crew. I had it brewed in the following
manner :
I mixed the melaffes and eflence with a little grounds
of porter, or any other beer, ar.d fome water to di-
lute it, and fill the cask up with water, and let it
work two or three days and it was quite fit for ufe.
The yeaft from the frelh brewed beer anfwered after-
wards ; I gave it the men from a quart to two quarrs
per day, and they were foon very fond of it ; we ge-
neraUy had three casks in ufe at a time, one older
than the other, and found that it kept extremely well
in all the climates we paffed, not having any go four,
but drank frelh and good the whole voyage while we.
had any left.
And I do believe it to be a very wholefome good
liquor, and an excellent antifcorbutic, and very well
adapted for the fupply of a fhip's company at fea in
all climates.
Signed Henry Dunn.
I have examined the above, and believe it to be
ftriftly true. Signed Thomas Timbrel."
Abftraft of a letter from Capt. Mowtray of the War-
wick man of war, to Philip Stephens, efq. Secre-
tary to the Admiralty, dated Auguft 5, 1778.
** I think it my duty to let you know how much I am
obliged to Capt. Newte of the Ceres Indiaman (as is
his country) for his goodnefs in fupplying me with
Spruce Beer and Eflence of Spruce, which has enabled
me
t 7 ]
mc to give the men in the fcurvy a quart of Spruce
Beer a clay for 1 2 days, >vhich has faved the lives o£
a great many."
Certificate of Captain William Applegarth, Com-
mander of the Europa Indiaman.
" Thefe are to certify, that I did receive on board
the Europa, in the fervice of the Honourable Eaft
India Company, whereof I am commander, a quan-
tity of Eflence of Spruce to make Spruce Beer for
the ufe of the Seamen and Soldiers. 1 gave the naen
a pint of beer per day per man at dinner, and they
kept their healths remarkable well, and we had not
one fcorbutic cafe the whole voyage. It is brewed
with very little trouble, and keeps well in all climatesi
and I am convinced it is a very wholefome good Beer,
and a mofl excellent antifcoibutic, and mult be very
beneficial to fiiip's ere as crews in long voyages.
Signed William Applegarth.'*
Certificate of Captain Thomas Newt e, Commander
of the Ceres Indiaman.
This is to certify, that I ordered a quantity of
Spruce to be fent on board the Ceres Indiaman, on
my laft voyage to India, in the years 1777 and 1778,
which was made into Beer, and conftantly given to
my (hip's company at the rate of a pint per man per
day. I can with great truth aflert, that its effetts
were very falutary, efpecially as an antifcorbutic. I
was eighteen months in performing the voyage, and
the greateft part of that time at fea, yet I loll only
two men. In my paffage home from the ifland of
St. Helena, I had ftill greater proofs of its excel-
lency ; Captain Moutray, of his Majefty's (hip War-
Mtdck, acquainted me that many ot his people were
a(fiiaed
[ 8 ]
afflidled with that dreadful diibrder the Scurvy, in
conrequencc of which, I fcnt him a fufficient quan-
tity of Spruce to give each man a pint a diiy until
they arrived at Portfmouth, which (topped ihc pro-
grcfs of the Scurvy, and enabled him to bring mod
of them to England, where they recovered.
Signed Thomas Newte.
Commander of the Ceres Indiaman.
London, Aug. 30, 1779."
Copy of a Letter from Captain Robert Maw, Com-
mander of the Duke of Kingdon Eaft Indiaman.
Sir,
In confequence of your application to me relative
to the efficacy of the Eflence of Spruce, which you
fupplied the (hip Duke of Kingllon with on her late
voyage to Bengali ^ I am to inform you that I made
ufe of it during the whole time of my being at fea,
giving to each man one pint in the morning, which
anfwercd according to the account given me by Cap-
tain Raymond Snow. The Scurvy never made its
appearance, notwithstanding I was thirteen weeks on
my palTage from Madrafs to the Cape of Good Hope,
and in that time experienced very bad weather \ it is to
be underftood the Beer was made according to direc-
tions given to my furgeon. I am. &c.
Robert Maw.
New Inn, Sept. I, 1779."
Copy of a Letter from Captain Charles Mears,
Commander of the Egmont Eaft Indiaman.
" Blackheath, Augufl 30, 1779.
Sir,
I have the favour of yours of the 27th inftant, dc-
firing I will fay what I know concerning the Eflence
of
[ 9 ]
f)Ft,.. .'}, t fnn'iviih great truth f.iy, that mypeOi
pie vvcic ex'ctrJidg ford of (he Brer made from ic,
aiul tliK ic was Virry cafy to make it; the (hip's (lcA^»
uiU had the manageii^cnc of it, and with two 60 gal-^
Ion caiks made on purpole, he kept a condanc luc-'
ccillon of iti but whether it was particularly benefn
cial to the healths of the Seamen, I mult refer you
to my fiirgeon Mr. Michael Keiley, who may be
heard of at Mr. l^lunketc's, Chapple-rtreet, Mayfair.
The Seamen were very healthy all the voyage, and
I think it very reafonioie to fuppofe, that the Spruce
f)eer greatly contributed in keeping them lb. 1 had
the pleafuie of giving Sir Edward Hughes ac St.
Helena as much Efliince and Moloflcs as ferved to
malve Beer for his own and his officers table from thence
to England, and have often heard him fpeak of it
in very high terms, and fay that he hoped it would
foon be introduced into the Navy. I am, &c.
Charles Mlars, Commander of the Egmont.
Copy of a Letter from Mr Michael Reilet, Sur-
geon of the Egniont, Caj.tain Chahles Mears.
Sir,
Tn compliance with yourrcqueft and my doty to the
public, 1 think your Spruce Beer a happy invention,
it being a good liquor and powerful antifcorbutic ;
and by giving the men a pint a day, of which they
were very fond, it preferved them from all Scorbutic
complaints during the voyage. It was brewed by the
fliip's fteward, and is attended with no manner of in-
convenience, will keep for any length of time needful
in any climate whaiev .r. I do not only recommend,
but look upon ic as a very valuable acquifition to (hips
on long voyages. I am, diQ.
Signed Michael Heiley.
Surgeon of the Egmont.
B Cerciiicate
C 'o 3
Certiucate of Mr. Tkpmas Brab, Surgeon, of \h^
Ceres Indiaman.
Thcfe are to certify, that the ftiip Ceres, in the fer-
vice of the Ha(t India Company, was fupplied with a
quantity of EfTence of Spruce to make Spruce Beer
for the ufe of the Seamen. We began to ufc it
when we had been out about two months, and
continued to fupply the men wiih from a pint to a
quart a day per man for the voyage ; and the men
were in general very fond of it, and kept their hefalths
remarkably well ; and I am convinced from expe-
rience, it is an exceeding good wholefome Beer, and
one of the bed antifcorbutics yet difcovered v it was
brewed with very little trouble, and keeps extremely
well in all climates \ve went through.
Signed Thomas Brae*
<
i
Certificate of John Evan?, Surgeon of the Duke of
Kingdon Indiaman*
I do hereby certify, that I have had a quantity of
EfTence of Spruce fent on board to make Spruce
Beer for the ufe of the Seamen in both my laft voy-
tges to India •, and I do affert that I never met with
any tiling fo efficacious in prcfcrving the healths of
the men. We gave it in the quantity of a quart a day
per man, and both officers and men were very fond
of it i and we had not one fcorbutic cafe except one
man we took on board in India aimod emaciated with
the Scurvy, and he was foon cured by drinking the
Spruce Beer, and we brought him home in good
health. Il is brewed with very little trouble, and
kept well in all climates we pafled, and I do believe
it to be a very wholeioiue good beer, and excellently
calculated
calculated to fupply (hips at fea, as we brewed it every
foBT OT five days without any inconvenience.
Signed John Evans.
I have examined the above certificate, and believe
it to beftridtly true. Justinian Nutt,
Commander of the Duke of Kingfton.
Copy of a Letter from D. James Hutton, Surgeon
of the Earl Mansfield, Captain Frazer, and wit-
Defied by him.
Sir,
In compliance wjth "your requeft", and in duty to
the public, I do hereby declare, that during mjr laft
voyage in the Earl of Mansfield, William Frazer,
Efq. Commander, to China, when the (hip's com-
pany were attacked and reduced to the greateft dif-
trefs by the fcurvy ; 1 found the moft happy efFcds
to arife from the ufe of your Ellence of Spruce, as
only one man, who had ^en previoufly weakened
by a flux of fome weeks (landing, out of upwards of
ieventy who were affii^ed, fell a viftlm to this dif-
cafe, which raged with great viollncc for feven weeks.
The antifcorbutic powers of the Spruce Beer wcn^
remarkable; many it cured. In many more it pre-
vented its farther progrefs, and even tho(c who were
reduced to the laft and moft painful ftage of the dii-
eafe, had their complaints relieved, and were enabled
to prolong, with lome degree of comfort, an exift-
cnce which muft have been otherwifc wretched, till
oilr arrival at the cape of Good Hope, after a palTage
of eighteen weeks, and put an entire ftop to the ra-
vages of this difeafe. Upon the whole, I regard it
in this inftance to have been the principal means, un-
der God, of preferving many valuable lives •, and I
fincerely hope, that future experience will confirm
B 2 ing
[ '2 ]
my fentiments in confidering Spruce Beer not only
as a mod excellent and efficacious preventative from
the Scurvy, but in a powerful manner reltraining the
violence, and preventing the fatality that fo generally
attends that diforder after it m^ikes its appearance,
William Fraser, James SuTxorf,
Commander of the Ear| Surgeon,
of Mansfield.
Copy of a Certificate from Jojin Mouat, Efq. Purler
of his Majefty's Ship the Warwick, -r-^— Collins,
Efq. Commander.
Thefe are to certify, the Honpurahle the Commif-
ficners for Vid\ialling his ]VIajefty'<5 Navy, th.t there
were received on board his Majefty's Ihip Warwick,
from Mr. Thomas Bridge, by order of Sir Edward
Hughes, to Captain llichard Collins, thirty-nine
pots of EiTcfnce of Spruce, containing one pound and
one quarter of a pound each, and thirteen hundred,
one quarter and eight pounds of Molofles for the ul'e
of thelhip's company, in cafe of the appearance of the
Scurvy taking place amongfl: them, which was all
made ufe of during ^he pafliigc to St. Helena and
home, that was between the 8th of March and the
15th of December 1779, and was allowed by the
Syrgeon and reft of the officers to have been a great
means of eradicating the alorefaid diforder, which IV-
veral times threatened us in the courfe of the faid
voyage.
Given under my hand on boart) his IVIdjefty's faid
fhip Warwick in Portlmouth harbour, the 30th of
January^ 1781.
Signed John Mouat,
C-Ttificatc
L n ]
Certificate of fun dry Gentleman, Hufbancis of Ships
in the Icrvicc: 6t" tticr Honourable the Eaft India
Company.
We, nhofe names arc hereunto fubfcribed, do cer-
tify that fcverai of our ihips have lu^en fupplied with
Eil'ence of Spruce to make Spruce Beer, and that our
commander, furgeons, and officers, have (Irongly re-
commended it as a very wiifjlcfome good beer, and
an excellent fcorhuric, and that the crews were ex-
tremely healthy on thofe voyages that the (hips \ ere
Supplied with ir,
Siyicd by Sir Cijales Raymond,
Andrew Moffatt, Kfq.
William Dent, Efq.
11. H. Pei.ly, Klq.
KoBERT Williams, Efq.
John Raymond, iifq.
That, after the CommifTioners of Sick and Vrounded
h;,il examined thefe certificates, they were plcafed
to make the following report on the i 4rh of Sep-
tember 1779.
To rhilip Stephens, F.fq.
Office of Sick and Wv)i;;u'ed Seamen,
Scptcniler 14, 1779.
Sir,
In return to your letter of t! e tqr'i of Ip.H n^^nth,
accompanied by the inclofed rftition to the llighc
Honourable the Lords Commiuioners of the Ad-
miralty, from Thomas Bridge, Pater.tee of the
Kflence of Spruce, rcp'efenting that he had dif-
covered a procefs of exit acting and reducing the
properties of the Spruce Tree into an Efl'ence,
7 from
r
H
1
J
from which, with Moloires, a wholcfome beer may
be made, and of great uk* m preventing the Scurvy,
and d firing it may be introduced into the Navy,
ns it may be furniilied as cheap as the fmall beer
Supplied to the King's Chips \ and in obedience to
their Lordfhips diredions, that ^e (hould take the
fame into confideraiion, and report our opinion what
may be proper to be done thereon ; we dcfire you will
pleafe to ac<]uaint their Lordfhips, that we have had
Spruce Beer brewed from lome of the faid extraft
under our infpedlioii, and find the proc fs eafily ma*
naged, and the Beer a very good drink. That we
have bad a variety of evidence of its good ^ffedts laid
before us, and are of opinion thae it may very pro-
perly be introduced into the Navy in (hips going long
voyages, or on long cruizes ; and as the procefs of
fermentation can be carried on at fea in any cHmate,
we would humbly propofe that the fimple ingre-
iliencs fhould be provided by the Vi^ualling Board,
and delivered to the purfers, and be confidered as
part of the viftualling ftores.
With refpedt to the price at which Beer may be
made of tnc Eflence of S'pruce, as the price of mo-
loflcs is fluftuating, that cannot be precifely afcer-
taincd, which we mention, as the petitioner feems to
think it will be about equal to the price of Imall beer
for the Navy, but we humbly conceive it will not be
fo high in general as .to be any object to alfed the
^pply of ic to the King's fhips. We are, &c.
Signed J. Bell.
Waller Farquharson,
r0s£rt lulman.
That,
[ «5 3
That, in confequence of the above, I did receive
orders from their Lordfhip to attend the Vidualling
Board, to fix with them what quantity it would be
neceflary to allow each (hip according to the number
of men, and length of the voyage ; that, in confe-
quence of (uch their Lordlhip's orders, the Commif-
uoners of Vliftualling did make the following report.
Sir,
Vi£tualling Office, October 8, 1779*
We received your letter of the 20th of September
laft, inclodng a Memorial which the Right Honour-
able the Lords Commiflioners of the Admiralty had
received from Thomas Bridge, reprefcnting that he
had difcovcred a procefs for extrafting and reducing
the properties of the Spruce tree into an ElTence,
from which, with moloiTes, a wholefome Beer may be
made, which may be of great ufe in preventing the
Scurvy, anddefiring that it may be introduced into
the Navy ; and acquainting us of their Lordfhips
having direfted the Commiflioners for Sick and Hurt
to confider and report their opinion what may be
proper to be done thereupon'*, and they having in-
formed their Lordfhips that they are of opinion it
may be very properly introduced into the Navy in
fliips going long voyages or on long cruizes ; and as
the procels of fermentation can be carried on at Tea
in any climate, have propofed that the fimple ingre-
dients^ ihou Id be provided by our board, and de-
livered to the purfers as part of the vidtualling ftores ;
alfo fignifying their Lordfhips direftions to us, to
propofe what quantities of the faid ingredients it may
DC proper to fupply to a (hip of each clafs on the
fervices therein mentioned. Agreeable to their Lord-
fcips diredlions, we have made the following calcu-
- • lations
[ •« ]
lations of the quantity for eacli rnre, which we
think a full proportion confuLTing .the ilowage the
MoioflTcs will require, viz.
For Iom!'vovip'«'s. i moiuh. roichaniu:lcnii/.e<!. 14 days.
Rate. Men. EHcncc'Moloircs Yciift KlTciicc Molollcs Ytul'h
Poutuii Cur. lb. I'oui'.ils IouikIs C^i. lb.
ift.
8;o
127
36 I
20
^
6-1
18 0 24.
4'
2
yijo
1 1 2
32 0
16
7i
5"
16 0 8
3r
3
600
90
25 2
24
6
4>
1 2 3 li
3
4.
.-50
s*
15 0
0
3i
26
7 2 0
li
«;
300
4^
li 3
I i
J
^4
6 1 2^
^i-
6
200
3"
8 2
0
2
'^r
4 I 4
I
looj
js 100
»5
4 I
4
I
7i
;< 0 16
I
But at the fame time wc beg leave to remind their
Lordlliips of our letters of tlie 4th and i ith of Au-
gull laft, refpedting the utility of the Elknce of Wort,
which is more fimple in its procels, take^ up Icfs
ftovvap^e, and is produdive of more lalutary ends, wc
arc returning the papers which came inr.loled.
Sir, your nioll humtjle fervants,
Jonas Hanwav,
j. Rates,
A. Chorlev.
That, in ccnfcquenre of thislafl report, I heard no
more of tiieir Lorolhips.
That your Memorialiit ftill n..dlng that the good
tlTctfts of the Spruce Beer grew more and more con-
fpicuous, lo much io that every fliip in the fervice of
the Honourable the Ealt India Company is now fup-
plied with it, and that it was fpoke of with univcrfal
credit in that fervice, and being apprchenfjve that
unfavourable fentimcnts had been introduced to their
l.ordfhips, which had cauled its hindrance, he did
crave leave to have a copy of tiie faid rt ports, when
to his j^rcat iu! prize l.j found thole from the Com-
iiiiiTioners
y^^t^.
L >7 ].
mifTioners of Viclualling fo very unfavourable, and,
I moft humbly crave leave to fay, founded in error.
That your Memorialift humbly hopes he may be
permitted to flate a comparative view of the difference
between the Eflcnce of Malt and the EflTcncc of
Spruce, which he doubts not will convince your
Lordfhips, that no liquor whatfoever can be better
calculated to fupply a (hip's crew in all climates than
the Spruce Beer, nor is it poflible to have any thing
that will take lefs (lowagc, particularly to fupply
both the Indias
Spruce Beer from the Eflence of
Spruce.
As to tie efficacy of Spruce
Beer in preventing, Itopping the
progrefs and cure of the fcurvy,
I beg to refer to the certificates
hereto annexed, or numbers
more that I can get if it is re-
quired. This Beer anfwers both
as beverage and medicine, and
confequently is a great faving
to Government, as it docs not
coft near half the price of fpi-
rits ; but if half the ufual quan-
titiy of fpirit was given, as is
ufuat, and one quart of Spruce
Beer, the faving would then be
about io6l. per month per a fird
rate, and the fcamen would he
pleafed and their health pre-
ierved.
Procefs of making Spruce Beer.
Pomp out of the butt 8 gal-
lons of water, pour the ingre-
dients in, ftir it with a llick to
-^j^u^ nix it, and let it Hand iMMlays,
it is dune.
Malt Beer from the Eflcnce of
Wort.'
As to the efficacy of IMalt
Wort, I have never heard it
fpoke of by any perfon that has
ufed both as in any decree equal
to Spruce, and it does not an-
fwer any purpofe as a beverage,
but a fimple medicine, and con-
fequently an additional expence
to Government, as they have
their ufaal quantity of fpirit, &c.
Procefs of making Wort of the
Eflence ot Malt.
Break the l!.lience into fmall
pieces, and pour upon it hot or
boiling water, and lUr it about
*till u IS diliblved.
One pint of the Eflence to
one gcilien of water iviil make
moderately flrong and pure
Wort: it may be made ilronger
or weaker, by adding more or
lefs Eflence.
[ iS ]
Hur it warrr Oinukl cvu- be n muft be made frefli twice
jiuici. wiiiicJ, iw.li ail oiiue jn twenty-four hours, and to
o! uic hui.ct of .-i^ucf, with cool the Wort as foon as pof-
a liric lin.it;, iVr.ij^ or no- fible after the Effence is dif-
\v'Jc», given fli ;i :i:cJiti.ic, Jblved.
Avii; iH'. i..u..il lu Ik.vc it ^try ^ When a few pounds of the
/A.'.'i J" <,
1>|||».II» to.iij
ic. i!.Li;ic iiii.l
'J.iilil.-, liCvclfh.:-
Eflence is only to be uled, it
may be cut out of the cafk with
];G it cut.;ii>;> ;n^^n >" l^*^^' a chifel. When a calk is to be
h K .:c.-i btitu-, ;mu iinfwiis u ^^fg^ ^^ ^ time, the whole of
.iouo.u ji-rj.iie, Uuvii a* u.cJi- ^Y^^ Effence contained in the
C.v: aid or.rk, caaus Km J^s'^jfl^ ^igy i,^ feparated from it
in a fohd body. If the head is
taken out and the hoops loolened,
it may then be placed in a clean
fub, large enough for the pur-
fofe, broken to pieces with a
atchet, &c. and dilTolved.
u
c'-i ii- ((Av.r.-.cn iniall l>c'<-i m
.J)'::, 'Ik- I'.ai'i :,i;d \. tti Ii.- ■•
I.e.
t, a
.1.
iot!iiiM> i,'
0 thcu",
7.
Us.. J.
jn
:•..! .;: LK'n in^n .i piV^<>t
i-.ci 1' ;; (!.i\'. V, i.'i coil ill ti'iifi' in-
ci'.CS l..> I. :<■;'.■ lb'''. .-.ItHI'. j;.-i t>U.
lu ^^ if~\- }i''' 1-^^' ;ic;i yt;;!', lu li
lii |-.u:OLfcl.l.;;v.i lO:. to i ti. |>tr
J..:.!, jti- -.Cur, U)"i,:.a lujjp.'iiui;
I. .L.. U>..II '.11 w r '.-. llifMltlili 111 ."' - '
i '. " i i .
Sl'iui t:
i.in.vc .,
111., I) i<t i
aii^ v^ I
1^4
i. I', <'• riiOiii!'.' cl V. ;-.uU
• r.< o: iroiy 111 }jiv t ii!iii
i't.>.l, ;i ui.l M'( C>»ll
• . ;() :,;t. j I r yt-.o- ■» r
■ i! '.ni iii hvujii', ;.i »1
- 1 . cl lii 'II 2 (Mi.lM .»
<'.:y, i! ..ill J .•<. '<• I i; . \.\\<, lii l.ii.C
t
Qliantum of Stowage. ' ^T^'^?i^'^^''^^U. .
Left than 8 gallons ofall the .,^.5 8^ "ons of Effence of Malt
neceffary mateliais makes ope ^J f,''^^ °^,?"'.' ^^^ort.
butt of beer ^ ^"'' *^°'^' " ""^^ "^®*^
'^ " ! as a medicine, confequently its
whole bulk is extra uowage as
^ well as an extra wafte of water,
: ^^^^.A^^/^ /^^y^yy^.. /.^/.^^' y^ y..,y^Yy /^^a^^,,.
I t
7 <Ky#-»< f
•«t«
7
'r
^ ., '*• /^^
i^L' <V-/V-
/y-ft.'iu^
t 19 ]
•»f{
Comparative of Ejfpence between the Supply of Spruce Beer and*
Rum.
To fupply a firft rate, 8^0 men, To fupply a firft rate, 8^0 men,
giving each man 2 quarts a day, giving each man half a pint ^f
will require 2371b. of mm per day, will require 1085
Eflcnce 71 J o gallons | at 5s. 372 a 6
Do. ^GC.of MolofTes 87 8 o
Yeait izlb. 1 4
''"he tvatcriuls to make the
ah; ve \vi!l take the room or
iiowage or' 71.} gallons.
Health.
In upw'irus of 100 voyages to
the I'.a It Ir.dlcs and l^ack, where
the Ihipj have been fupplied
v'ith Spruce, I have not known
iwo men lo.l by the Icurvy, and
very few Ly fevers or bilious
dilorde.-s.
Stowage.
The fpirit takes op the (loyir*
age of 1485 gallons^, which ii
more than double the Itowagc
of Spruce.
Health.
I believe it is generally ac-
knowledged that rum alBils the
fcurvy, and brings on rather
than Hop that dreadtul diforder^
that caufes fuch daily ravages
on board moft (lups that are lon^
at Tea,
That your Memorialifl mod humbly prays your
I.ordfhips to take the premiles into confideratiorii
that, as your Memorialitl and the faid Dr. H. Taylor
have always had the molt flatccring hopes that the
great merit of the EfTcncc would mod undoubtedly
gain it an inirodu<5lion into the navy, and being en*
couraged to luch hopes by moll of the officers of
both Army and Navy they have had the honour to
converlc with on the fubjcdl, have been at great cx-
pencc to have a fufficient (lock by them to anfwer
the demands of Government if called upon, the lofs
by fuch difappointment has been very heavy, to the
great hurt of their fortunes i neverthclefs, fo conlci-
bus are they of the fuccels of the Spruce Beer, if
fairly made ufe of, that he isuilling to fupply the
7 '■ Navy
C 20 ]
Navy with any quantities for experiments that your
Lord(Ktps thtife to order*, and as he by no means
wiihes to put the nation to unnecelTary expence, he
jis willing to take back whatever is not ufed, in cafe
it docs not anfwer the end propofed.
' And your petitioner, as in duty bound, (hall
ever pray. '
'V.>^>^-^ *^^'^^ *f/t^ry .-t^y^^t-^
t r'
7
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